Wheat is the most important crop in the world and the second most important food crop in the developing world after rice. In sub-Saharan Africa, 14 countries produce wheat; Ethiopia and South Africa are the two main producers, although wheat production is minor compared to other crops.

Now wheat is a strategy crop for Africa due to urbanization,  rising incomes and changing diets. The aim is to reduce the growing dependence on wheat imports by making wheat-based systems more productive and resilient, thus increasing farmers' incomes.  Provision of inputs including fertilizers  at the right time and place and of the right quality and quantity is critical for the competitiveness and profitability of the wheat sector.