Beans are an important source of protein and fiber around the world. They have a short growing season and can adapt to different cropping systems. Humans have been cultivating beans since 7,000 BC. Today beans are grown in more than 120 countries. Africa produces about 17% of the world total, with 70% of production occurring in Eastern Africa. They are the 8th crop in terms of acreage in sub-Saharan Africa. Top producers are Tanzania, Uganda and Rwanda, followed by Cameroon, Kenya and Ethiopia. Bean yields are highest in Barbados, Ireland, Belgium, Libya and Egypt with more than 3 mt/ha. Using fertilizers can increase bean yield in African countries.